Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a type of cancer that affects the bone marrow and blood. It is characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal myeloid cells, which are responsible for producing red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. AML is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults, accounting for about 80% of cases.
The prevalence of AML varies across different populations and age groups. In the United States, it is estimated that around 20,000 new cases of AML will be diagnosed each year. The incidence of AML increases with age, with the majority of cases occurring in individuals over 60 years old. AML is slightly more common in men than in women.
Several risk factors have been associated with the development of AML, including exposure to certain chemicals or radiation, previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy for other cancers, certain genetic disorders, and smoking. However, in many cases, the cause of AML is unknown.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in AML. Treatment options may include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, and stem cell transplantation. The prognosis for AML varies depending on factors such as age, overall health, and genetic abnormalities present in the leukemia cells.