Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that originates in the outer layer (cortex) of the adrenal glands. These glands are located on top of the kidneys and are responsible for producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions.
ACC typically affects adults, with a higher incidence in women. The exact cause of ACC is unknown, but certain genetic conditions, such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, may increase the risk. Symptoms of ACC can vary and may include abdominal pain, weight loss, excessive hair growth, and hormonal imbalances.
Diagnosis of ACC involves imaging tests, hormone level measurements, and a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancerous cells. Treatment options for ACC depend on the stage and extent of the disease. Surgery to remove the tumor is the primary treatment, often followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted drug therapy.
Prognosis for ACC is generally poor, as it tends to be diagnosed at an advanced stage. The five-year survival rate for localized ACC is around 50%, but it significantly decreases for cases that have spread to other organs. Regular follow-up care and monitoring are crucial for managing ACC and detecting any potential recurrence.