Brugada Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the electrical system of the heart, increasing the risk of life-threatening heart rhythm abnormalities. It is characterized by an abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern, specifically in the right precordial leads. This condition primarily affects males and is more prevalent in certain ethnic groups.
Individuals with Brugada Syndrome may experience episodes of rapid and irregular heartbeats, known as ventricular arrhythmias, which can lead to fainting, seizures, or even sudden cardiac arrest. These symptoms often occur during rest or sleep, making diagnosis and detection challenging.
The underlying cause of Brugada Syndrome is a mutation in certain genes that regulate the flow of sodium ions in cardiac cells. However, the exact triggers for arrhythmias in affected individuals are not fully understood.
Diagnosis of Brugada Syndrome involves a combination of clinical evaluation, family history assessment, and ECG analysis. Genetic testing may also be conducted to identify specific gene mutations associated with the condition.
Treatment options for Brugada Syndrome aim to prevent life-threatening arrhythmias and may include the use of medications, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), or catheter ablation. Lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding certain medications or substances that can worsen symptoms, are also recommended.
It is crucial for individuals with Brugada Syndrome and their family members to undergo regular medical follow-ups and genetic counseling to manage the condition effectively and reduce the risk of sudden cardiac events.