Devic Syndrome, also known as Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO), is a rare autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of optic neuritis, which causes inflammation and damage to the optic nerves, leading to vision loss. Additionally, it involves inflammation of the spinal cord, resulting in weakness or paralysis of the limbs, loss of sensation, and bladder and bowel dysfunction.
The prevalence of Devic Syndrome/NMO varies across different populations. It is estimated to affect approximately 1 to 10 individuals per 100,000 people worldwide. However, prevalence rates can be higher in certain ethnic groups, such as individuals of African or Asian descent. Women are also more commonly affected than men, with a female-to-male ratio of around 4:1.
While Devic Syndrome/NMO is considered a rare condition, it is important to note that prevalence rates may be underestimated due to misdiagnosis or underreporting. The disorder can have a significant impact on the quality of life of those affected, requiring ongoing medical management and support.