Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) is a rare chronic blood disorder characterized by the overproduction of platelets in the bone marrow. Platelets are essential for blood clotting, but in ET, their excessive production can lead to abnormal clotting or bleeding.
Symptoms: ET often presents without noticeable symptoms and is commonly diagnosed during routine blood tests. However, some individuals may experience symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, vision changes, numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, and enlarged spleen.
Causes: The exact cause of ET is unknown, but it is believed to involve genetic mutations in the bone marrow cells responsible for platelet production.
Treatment: Treatment for ET aims to reduce the risk of blood clots and manage symptoms. This may involve low-dose aspirin to prevent clotting, medications to lower platelet counts, and periodic phlebotomy (blood removal) to reduce the number of platelets.
Prognosis: ET is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management. With appropriate treatment, most individuals with ET can lead normal lives and have a near-normal life expectancy.