Fragile X Syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes intellectual disability and various developmental problems. It is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability, affecting both males and females, although males are typically more severely affected.
The syndrome is caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome. This mutation leads to a lack of production of a protein called FMRP, which is important for normal brain development and function.
Individuals with Fragile X Syndrome may exhibit a range of symptoms, including learning disabilities, speech and language delays, social and behavioral challenges, and physical characteristics such as a long face and large ears. They may also have sensory sensitivities and difficulties with attention and hyperactivity.
While there is no cure for Fragile X Syndrome, early intervention and specialized educational programs can help individuals with the condition reach their full potential. Genetic testing can confirm a diagnosis, and various therapies and medications can be used to manage specific symptoms and improve quality of life.