Fuchs dystrophy, also known as Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), is a progressive eye disorder that affects the cornea. The cornea is the clear, dome-shaped tissue at the front of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina. Fuchs dystrophy primarily affects the endothelial cells, which are responsible for maintaining the cornea's clarity by regulating its fluid balance.
Synonyms for Fuchs dystrophy include Fuchs endothelial dystrophy, Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy, and Fuchs' corneal dystrophy.
Individuals with Fuchs dystrophy may experience symptoms such as blurred or hazy vision, sensitivity to light, glare, and difficulty seeing in dim lighting conditions. These symptoms typically worsen over time, leading to vision impairment that can significantly impact daily activities.
Fuchs dystrophy is often a hereditary condition, meaning it can be passed down through generations. It is more common in women and typically develops in individuals over the age of 50, although it can occur earlier in life. The exact cause of Fuchs dystrophy is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Currently, there is no cure for Fuchs dystrophy. However, there are various treatment options available to manage its symptoms and slow down its progression. These may include the use of eye drops, ointments, or soft contact lenses to alleviate discomfort and improve vision. In advanced cases, surgical interventions such as corneal transplantation may be necessary to replace the damaged cornea with a healthy one.
Regular eye examinations and early detection are crucial for individuals with a family history of Fuchs dystrophy or those experiencing related symptoms. An ophthalmologist can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment options to help maintain visual function and quality of life.