Glaucoma is a common eye condition that affects the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain. It is often associated with increased pressure inside the eye, known as intraocular pressure (IOP). If left untreated, glaucoma can lead to irreversible vision loss and blindness.
Symptoms: Glaucoma typically develops slowly and painlessly, often without noticeable symptoms in the early stages. As the condition progresses, individuals may experience peripheral vision loss, blurred vision, eye pain, redness, halos around lights, and even complete vision loss.
Types: There are several types of glaucoma, including primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), angle-closure glaucoma, normal-tension glaucoma, and congenital glaucoma. POAG is the most common form and usually develops gradually over time.
Causes: The exact cause of glaucoma is not fully understood, but it is often associated with a buildup of fluid in the eye, leading to increased pressure. Other risk factors include age, family history, certain medical conditions (such as diabetes and high blood pressure), and long-term use of corticosteroid medications.
Treatment: While there is no cure for glaucoma, early detection and treatment can help slow down its progression and prevent further vision loss. Treatment options may include eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, or surgery, depending on the type and severity of glaucoma.
If you suspect you may have glaucoma or have concerns about your eye health, it is important to consult an eye care professional for a comprehensive eye examination.