Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland, resulting in overproduction of thyroid hormones. It is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, a condition characterized by an overactive thyroid. The prevalence of Graves disease varies across different populations and geographical regions.
According to various studies and estimates, the prevalence of Graves disease is approximately 0.5% to 2% of the general population. It is more common in women, with a female-to-male ratio of about 5:1. The disease typically manifests between the ages of 30 and 50, although it can occur at any age.
While the exact cause of Graves disease is unknown, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Certain genetic variations and family history of autoimmune diseases can increase the risk of developing the condition.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing Graves disease. Treatment options may include medications to regulate thyroid hormone levels, radioactive iodine therapy, or in some cases, surgical removal of the thyroid gland.