Greig Cephalopolysyndactyly Syndrome (GCPS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the development of the limbs and skull. It is characterized by the fusion of certain fingers and toes, as well as abnormalities in the shape of the head and face. GCPS is caused by mutations in the GLI3 gene, which plays a crucial role in embryonic development.
As a genetic disorder, GCPS is hereditary and can be passed down from parents to their children. The GLI3 gene mutation responsible for GCPS is typically inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, meaning that an affected individual has a 50% chance of passing the condition on to each of their children.
However, it is important to note that not all individuals with GCPS have a family history of the condition. In some cases, the mutation may occur spontaneously during the formation of reproductive cells or early embryonic development. These cases are referred to as de novo mutations and are not inherited from either parent.
Genetic counseling is highly recommended for individuals with GCPS or those with a family history of the condition. A genetic counselor can provide information about the inheritance pattern, the likelihood of passing on the condition, and available testing options for family members.