Lynch Syndrome, also known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is an inherited genetic condition that increases the risk of developing certain types of cancer. It is caused by mutations in genes responsible for DNA mismatch repair.
Estimating the prevalence of Lynch Syndrome can be challenging due to underdiagnosis and varying screening practices. However, studies suggest that Lynch Syndrome accounts for approximately 2-4% of all colorectal cancer cases. This means that individuals with Lynch Syndrome have a significantly higher risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to the general population.
Furthermore, Lynch Syndrome is also associated with an increased risk of other cancers, including endometrial, ovarian, gastric, urinary tract, and pancreatic cancers. The prevalence of Lynch Syndrome in these specific cancer types varies, but it is generally higher than in the general population.
Identifying individuals with Lynch Syndrome is crucial for early detection, prevention, and management of associated cancers. Genetic testing and counseling are recommended for individuals with a family history of Lynch Syndrome or those who meet specific clinical criteria.