Neonatal Hemochromatosis (NH) is a rare and severe liver disease that affects newborns. It is characterized by excessive iron accumulation in the liver and other organs, leading to liver failure and potentially fatal complications. NH is considered an uncommon condition, with a prevalence estimated to be around 1 in 100,000 to 1 in 500,000 live births.
Although NH is rare, it is a significant concern due to its devastating impact on affected infants. The exact cause of NH remains unclear, but it is believed to be related to an immune-mediated process where the mother's immune system mistakenly attacks the baby's liver cells. This condition is not hereditary and does not typically recur in subsequent pregnancies.
Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing NH. Treatment options may include supportive care, liver transplantation, or medical therapies aimed at reducing iron overload. Research efforts are ongoing to better understand the underlying mechanisms of NH and develop more effective treatments.