Occipital neuralgia is a condition characterized by chronic pain in the occipital nerves, which run from the base of the skull to the scalp. The pain is often described as sharp, shooting, or throbbing, and it typically affects one side of the head. While the exact cause of occipital neuralgia is not always clear, it is believed to be related to irritation or inflammation of the occipital nerves.
1. Headache: The most common symptom of occipital neuralgia is a severe headache that starts at the base of the skull and radiates to the back of the head, scalp, and behind the eyes. The pain may be intermittent or constant and can last for hours or even days.
2. Neck pain: Many individuals with occipital neuralgia also experience neck pain or stiffness. The pain may extend from the base of the skull down to the neck and shoulders.
3. Scalp sensitivity: The affected area of the scalp may become extremely sensitive to touch, making it uncomfortable to brush or wash the hair. Even wearing a hat or lying on a pillow can cause increased pain.
4. Pain behind the eyes: Some people with occipital neuralgia may experience pain or aching behind one or both eyes. This can be accompanied by sensitivity to light and blurred vision.
5. Tenderness: The occipital nerves may become tender to the touch, and pressing on the affected area can trigger or worsen the pain.
6. Shooting or electric shock-like pain: The pain associated with occipital neuralgia is often described as shooting or electric shock-like. It may come on suddenly and be triggered by certain movements or activities.
7. Limited range of motion: Due to the pain and stiffness in the neck and head, individuals with occipital neuralgia may experience a limited range of motion. This can make it difficult to turn the head or perform daily activities.
8. Numbness or tingling: In some cases, occipital neuralgia can cause numbness or tingling in the scalp, neck, or shoulders. This sensation may be accompanied by a pins-and-needles feeling.
9. Pain with certain activities: Certain activities that involve bending the neck or putting pressure on the occipital nerves, such as reading, using a computer, or driving, can exacerbate the pain.
10. Migraine-like symptoms: Occipital neuralgia can sometimes be mistaken for a migraine due to the similarity of symptoms. However, unlike migraines, occipital neuralgia pain is typically localized to the back of the head and scalp.
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Occipital neuralgia can be managed with various treatment options, including medications, nerve blocks, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications.