Osteoporosis is a common bone disease that weakens bones, making them fragile and more prone to fractures. It occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both. This condition often develops silently over the years, with no noticeable symptoms until a fracture occurs.
Osteoporosis affects both men and women, but it is more common in women, especially after menopause. Hormonal changes during menopause can accelerate bone loss. Other risk factors include aging, a family history of osteoporosis, low body weight, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and certain medical conditions or medications.
Prevention and early detection are crucial in managing osteoporosis. A balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercises, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol intake can help maintain bone health. Diagnosis is typically made through bone density tests, which measure bone strength and determine the risk of fractures.
Treatment for osteoporosis focuses on slowing down bone loss and reducing the risk of fractures. This may involve lifestyle modifications, medications to strengthen bones, and fall prevention strategies. It is important to consult with healthcare professionals for personalized advice and guidance.