Symptoms of Ostomy
Ostomy is a surgical procedure that involves creating an opening in the body to allow waste products to be eliminated. This procedure is often performed when the normal route of elimination, such as the intestines or bladder, is no longer functional or needs to be bypassed. While ostomy can greatly improve the quality of life for individuals with certain medical conditions, it is important to be aware of the potential symptoms that may arise after the procedure.
1. Stoma Complications
The stoma is the artificial opening created during ostomy surgery. It is crucial to monitor the stoma for any signs of complications, such as:
- Stoma retraction: The stoma may sink below the skin level, making it difficult to attach the ostomy appliance.
- Stoma prolapse: The stoma may protrude further out of the body than normal, potentially causing discomfort or leakage.
- Stoma necrosis: In rare cases, the stoma tissue may become damaged or die, leading to a black or purple appearance.
- Stoma blockage: The stoma can become blocked due to a buildup of stool or other obstructions, resulting in abdominal pain and a lack of output.
2. Skin Irritation
The skin surrounding the stoma is exposed to bodily waste and the adhesive used to attach the ostomy appliance. This can lead to skin irritation, which may manifest as:
- Redness and inflammation: The skin around the stoma may become red, swollen, and tender.
- Rash or itching: Some individuals may experience a rash or itching sensation due to prolonged contact with waste products.
- Skin breakdown: Continuous irritation can cause the skin to break down, leading to open sores or ulcers.
3. Digestive Issues
Ostomy surgery alters the normal digestive process, which can result in various digestive symptoms, including:
- Diarrhea or loose stools: Some individuals may experience frequent bowel movements or loose stools due to changes in the digestive system.
- Constipation: On the other hand, others may experience difficulty passing stool, leading to infrequent bowel movements.
- Gas and bloating: The presence of an ostomy can cause increased gas production and bloating.
4. Psychological Impact
Undergoing ostomy surgery can have a significant psychological impact on individuals. It is common for individuals to experience emotional and psychological challenges, such as:
- Body image concerns: Adjusting to the physical changes brought about by ostomy surgery can lead to body image issues and a sense of self-consciousness.
- Depression and anxiety: Some individuals may experience feelings of sadness, anxiety, or fear related to the surgery, body changes, or managing the ostomy.
- Adjustment difficulties: Adapting to the lifestyle changes associated with an ostomy, including dietary modifications and appliance management, can be challenging.
5. Other Potential Complications
In addition to the symptoms mentioned above, there are other potential complications that may arise after ostomy surgery. These include:
- Hernia: The surgical site may develop a hernia, which is a protrusion of tissue through a weakened area of the abdominal wall.
- Peristomal skin infections: Bacterial or fungal infections can occur around the stoma, leading to redness, warmth, and tenderness.
- Dehydration: In some cases, individuals with an ostomy may experience dehydration due to increased fluid loss.
If you have undergone ostomy surgery and experience any of these symptoms or complications, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance, support, and appropriate treatment options to address your specific needs.