Poland Syndrome is a rare congenital condition characterized by underdevelopment or absence of chest muscles on one side of the body, often accompanied by abnormalities in the hand and arm. The exact prevalence of Poland Syndrome is difficult to determine due to its rarity and varying degrees of presentation. However, it is estimated to affect approximately 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 100,000 individuals.
Poland Syndrome is more commonly observed in males, with the right side of the body being affected more frequently than the left. The condition is typically sporadic, meaning it occurs without a family history, although rare familial cases have been reported.
The cause of Poland Syndrome remains unknown, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors during early embryonic development. Diagnosis is usually made based on physical examination and imaging studies, such as X-rays or ultrasound.
Treatment for Poland Syndrome depends on the severity of the condition and the specific abnormalities present. It may involve surgical interventions to reconstruct the chest and improve symmetry, as well as hand and arm surgeries if necessary. Psychological support and counseling are also important for individuals affected by Poland Syndrome.