Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME), also known as multiple osteochondromas, is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the development of multiple benign bone tumors called osteochondromas. These tumors typically arise from the growth plates of long bones, such as the arms and legs.
The prevalence of Hereditary multiple exostoses is estimated to be around 1 in 50,000 individuals worldwide. It affects both males and females equally and can be found in various ethnic groups. However, the prevalence may vary slightly depending on the population studied.
HME is an autosomal dominant disorder, meaning that an affected individual has a 50% chance of passing the condition on to each of their children. The severity of the disease can vary widely, even within families. Some individuals may only have a few osteochondromas, while others may develop numerous tumors throughout their body.
Although osteochondromas are typically benign, they can cause various complications, including skeletal deformities, restricted joint movement, nerve compression, and an increased risk of malignant transformation. Regular monitoring and appropriate management are essential to address these potential complications and ensure the best possible outcomes for individuals with HME.