Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific abnormalities in the structure of the heart. These include a ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis (PS), overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). TOF is a complex condition that affects the flow of blood to the lungs and can lead to symptoms such as cyanosis (bluish skin color), difficulty breathing, and poor growth.
While there is no definitive cure for TOF, it can be effectively managed and treated to improve the quality of life for individuals with this condition. The primary treatment for TOF is surgical intervention. The most common surgical procedure performed to correct TOF is known as a Tetralogy of Fallot repair or complete intracardiac repair.
During this procedure, a cardiothoracic surgeon will close the VSD, relieve the pulmonary stenosis, and reposition the overriding aorta. This surgery aims to restore normal blood flow to the lungs and improve oxygenation. In some cases, additional surgeries may be required as the child grows to address any residual issues or complications.
Following surgery, individuals with TOF may require ongoing medical management and regular follow-up with a cardiologist. Medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and promote heart health. In some cases, individuals may require further interventions or procedures later in life.
While TOF cannot be completely cured, advancements in medical and surgical techniques have significantly improved outcomes for individuals with this condition. With appropriate treatment and ongoing care, individuals with TOF can lead fulfilling lives and participate in regular activities.