What are the best treatments for Chilblains (Perniosis)?

Treatments for Chilblains (Perniosis)

Chilblains, also known as perniosis, is a condition characterized by the inflammation of small blood vessels in response to cold temperatures. It primarily affects the extremities, such as the fingers, toes, ears, and nose. Chilblains can cause discomfort, itching, redness, swelling, and sometimes blisters or ulcers. While the condition usually resolves on its own within a few weeks, there are several treatments that can help alleviate symptoms and promote healing.

1. Keeping Warm

Prevention is key when it comes to chilblains. It is important to keep the affected areas warm and protected from cold temperatures. Dressing in warm layers, wearing insulated gloves and socks, and using heating pads or warm compresses can help maintain adequate blood flow and prevent chilblains from worsening.

2. Topical Creams

Applying topical creams or ointments can provide relief from itching and inflammation associated with chilblains. Look for products containing ingredients like calamine, menthol, camphor, or corticosteroids. These can help soothe the affected areas and reduce discomfort.

3. Moisturizing

Keeping the skin moisturized is essential in managing chilblains. Dry skin is more prone to cracking and worsening of symptoms. Regularly applying a moisturizing lotion or cream can help maintain skin integrity and prevent further irritation.

4. Elevation

Elevating the affected areas can help reduce swelling and promote better blood circulation. When sitting or lying down, prop up your feet or hands on a pillow to encourage drainage and alleviate discomfort.

5. Avoiding Heat

While it is important to keep the affected areas warm, avoid exposing them to sudden heat sources such as hot water bottles or direct heat from radiators. Rapid temperature changes can worsen symptoms and cause further damage to the skin.

6. Medications

In severe cases, a healthcare professional may prescribe medications to manage chilblains. These may include vasodilators to improve blood flow, calcium channel blockers to relax blood vessels, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce inflammation and pain.

7. Lifestyle Changes

Adopting lifestyle changes can help prevent chilblains from recurring. Quitting smoking, as nicotine constricts blood vessels, and maintaining a healthy weight can improve circulation and reduce the risk of developing chilblains.

It is important to note that if chilblains persist, worsen, or become infected, it is advisable to seek medical attention. A healthcare professional can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatments based on the severity of the condition.