Cholesteatoma is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of skin cells in the middle ear. It typically occurs as a result of repeated ear infections or a perforated eardrum. Cholesteatoma can cause a range of symptoms, which can vary in severity depending on the extent of the growth and the duration of the condition. It is important to recognize these symptoms early on to seek appropriate medical attention and prevent potential complications.
Ear pain is a common symptom of cholesteatoma. The abnormal growth of skin cells can cause pressure and inflammation in the middle ear, leading to discomfort or pain. The pain may be intermittent or persistent and can range from mild to severe.
Hearing loss is another significant symptom of cholesteatoma. As the growth expands, it can interfere with the normal functioning of the middle ear, including the movement of the ossicles (tiny bones responsible for transmitting sound). This can result in varying degrees of hearing impairment, which may worsen over time if left untreated.
Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is a common symptom associated with cholesteatoma. The abnormal growth can disrupt the normal auditory pathways, leading to the perception of sounds that are not present in the external environment. Tinnitus can be persistent or intermittent and may vary in intensity.
Ear discharge, often foul-smelling, is a characteristic symptom of cholesteatoma. The abnormal growth can trap debris, fluid, and bacteria in the middle ear, leading to recurrent infections and the formation of a thick, yellowish discharge. This discharge may be accompanied by itching or discomfort in the ear.
In some cases, cholesteatoma can cause vertigo and balance problems. The abnormal growth can affect the inner ear, which plays a crucial role in maintaining balance. As a result, individuals with cholesteatoma may experience dizziness, a spinning sensation, unsteadiness, or difficulty maintaining balance.
In rare instances, cholesteatoma can lead to facial muscle weakness. The abnormal growth can erode the delicate bones of the middle ear, including the facial nerve canal. Compression or damage to the facial nerve can cause weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles on the affected side.
Cholesteatoma often presents with a history of recurrent ear infections. The abnormal growth can create a favorable environment for bacterial growth and infection. These infections may cause pain, swelling, redness, and increased ear discharge.
If you or someone you know is experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Cholesteatoma can lead to serious complications if left untreated, such as hearing loss, infection, and damage to surrounding structures.