Pierre Robin Syndrome, also known as Pierre Robin Sequence or Robin Sequence, is a rare congenital condition characterized by a combination of three main features: a small lower jaw (micrognathia), a tongue that falls back into the throat (glossoptosis), and a cleft palate. This condition is named after the French stomatologist Pierre Robin, who first described it in 1923.
Micrognathia, which refers to an abnormally small lower jaw, is a key characteristic of Pierre Robin Syndrome. It can lead to various complications, including difficulty breathing, feeding difficulties, and obstructive sleep apnea.
Glossoptosis, the second feature of Pierre Robin Syndrome, describes the displacement of the tongue towards the back of the throat. This can further contribute to breathing and feeding difficulties, as well as potential airway obstruction.
Cleft palate, the third component of Pierre Robin Syndrome, refers to a gap or split in the roof of the mouth. This can affect speech development, feeding, and may require surgical intervention.
Although Pierre Robin Syndrome is the most commonly used term, it is also referred to as Pierre Robin Sequence or Robin Sequence. These synonyms are used interchangeably to describe the same condition.
It is important to note that Pierre Robin Syndrome can occur as an isolated condition or as part of a larger syndrome, such as Stickler syndrome or Treacher Collins syndrome. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation and diagnosis by a healthcare professional is crucial for appropriate management and treatment.