What is Benign Paroxysmal Tonic Upgaze

Benign Paroxysmal Tonic Upgaze (BPTU) is a rare neurological disorder that primarily affects infants and young children. It is characterized by the involuntary upward deviation of the eyes, resulting in a fixed gaze towards the ceiling. This condition typically manifests during infancy and persists throughout childhood, but tends to improve or resolve by adolescence.

The exact cause of BPTU is unknown, but it is believed to be related to a dysfunction in the brainstem, which is responsible for controlling eye movements. The condition is considered benign because it does not lead to any significant visual impairment or other neurological problems.

Children with BPTU may experience episodes of upward eye deviation that can last from seconds to minutes. These episodes may be triggered or exacerbated by fatigue, excitement, or stress. However, the eyes return to a normal position during sleep or when the child lies down.

While there is no specific treatment for BPTU, it is important for affected individuals to undergo a thorough evaluation by a pediatric neurologist to rule out any underlying neurological conditions. Most cases of BPTU do not require intervention and tend to improve over time. However, in some instances, medication or physical therapy may be recommended to manage associated symptoms or improve eye control.