What is Brucellosis

Brucellosis is a bacterial infection caused by various species of the Brucella bacteria. It primarily affects animals, but can also be transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animals or consumption of contaminated animal products.

Signs and symptoms: In humans, brucellosis can cause flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, fatigue, muscle aches, and sweating. Other common symptoms include joint pain, headache, and loss of appetite. In severe cases, it can lead to complications affecting the heart, liver, or nervous system.

Transmission: The bacteria can be found in the milk, urine, and reproductive organs of infected animals. People can contract brucellosis by consuming unpasteurized dairy products, handling infected animals, or inhaling contaminated air in laboratory settings.

Diagnosis and treatment: Diagnosis is often challenging due to the non-specific symptoms. Blood tests and cultures are commonly used to confirm the infection. Treatment involves a combination of antibiotics for several weeks or months, depending on the severity of the infection.

Prevention: Preventive measures include pasteurization of dairy products, proper handling and disposal of animal waste, and vaccination of livestock. Additionally, individuals at high risk, such as veterinarians and laboratory workers, should follow strict safety protocols to minimize exposure.