What is Carrion's Disease / Oroya Fever

Carrion's Disease, also known as Oroya Fever, is a rare infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bartonella bacilliformis. It is primarily found in the Andean regions of South America, particularly in Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia. The disease is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected sand flies.

Oroya Fever is the acute phase of Carrion's Disease, characterized by a sudden onset of high fever, anemia, and severe illness. The infection targets red blood cells, leading to their destruction and causing a decrease in their numbers. This can result in life-threatening complications, such as severe anemia and organ failure.

Carrion's Disease progresses into a chronic phase known as Verruga Peruana, which is characterized by the development of skin lesions resembling wart-like growths. These lesions can be painful and may bleed easily. If left untreated, the disease can lead to long-term health issues and even death.

Diagnosis of Carrion's Disease is typically done through blood tests to detect the presence of Bartonella bacilliformis. Treatment involves the administration of appropriate antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin or azithromycin, to eliminate the bacteria. Prevention mainly focuses on avoiding sand fly bites by using insect repellents, wearing protective clothing, and sleeping in screened areas.