Which are the symptoms of Didelphys uterus?

Symptoms of Didelphys Uterus

Didelphys uterus, also known as uterus didelphys or double uterus, is a rare congenital abnormality where a woman is born with two separate uteri, each with its own cervix and sometimes a double vagina. This condition occurs during embryonic development when the Müllerian ducts, which normally fuse to form a single uterus, fail to merge completely. While some women with didelphys uterus may not experience any symptoms, others may have certain signs that can indicate the presence of this condition.

1. Abnormal menstrual bleeding

One of the most common symptoms of didelphys uterus is abnormal menstrual bleeding. Women with this condition may experience heavy or prolonged periods, irregular menstrual cycles, or even bleeding from both uteri simultaneously. The presence of two uteri can disrupt the normal hormonal balance and lead to these menstrual irregularities.

2. Painful menstruation

Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation, is another symptom that some women with didelphys uterus may experience. The pain can range from mild to severe and may be localized to one side or felt throughout the pelvic region. The presence of two uteri can cause increased uterine contractions during menstruation, leading to more intense pain.

3. Recurrent miscarriages

Women with didelphys uterus may be at a higher risk of experiencing recurrent miscarriages. The abnormal shape and structure of the uterus can make it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant and develop properly. Additionally, the presence of two uteri may result in a reduced uterine capacity, limiting the space available for a growing fetus.

4. Infertility

Infertility can be a symptom of didelphys uterus, although not all women with this condition will have difficulty conceiving. The presence of two uteri can affect the normal functioning of the reproductive system, making it more challenging for sperm to reach and fertilize an egg. Additionally, the abnormal shape of the uterus may make it harder for a fertilized egg to implant and establish a pregnancy.

5. Urinary tract infections

Some women with didelphys uterus may be more prone to developing urinary tract infections (UTIs). The presence of two uteri can lead to a higher risk of urinary tract abnormalities, such as vesicoureteral reflux, where urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters or kidneys. This reflux can increase the likelihood of UTIs.

6. Pregnancy complications

During pregnancy, women with didelphys uterus may face certain complications. These can include a higher risk of preterm labor, breech presentation (when the baby's buttocks or feet are positioned to be delivered first), and the need for a cesarean section. The abnormal shape and limited space within the uterus can make it challenging for a baby to grow and position itself optimally for delivery.

7. Unexplained pelvic pain

Some women with didelphys uterus may experience unexplained pelvic pain that is not related to menstruation. This pain can be intermittent or chronic and may be caused by the abnormal structure of the uterus or associated conditions such as endometriosis or adenomyosis.

If you suspect you may have a didelphys uterus or are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional. A thorough medical evaluation, including imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI, can help diagnose this condition and guide appropriate management.