Which are the causes of Eales Disease?

Eales Disease is a rare inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the retina of the eye. While the exact cause of Eales Disease remains unknown, several factors have been suggested to contribute to its development.

1. Vascular Abnormalities: One of the leading theories is that Eales Disease is caused by abnormalities in the blood vessels of the retina. It is believed that inflammation and damage to the inner lining of the blood vessels may lead to their blockage or leakage, resulting in impaired blood flow and subsequent retinal damage.

2. Immune System Dysfunction: Dysfunction of the immune system has also been proposed as a potential cause of Eales Disease. It is thought that an abnormal immune response triggers inflammation in the retina, leading to the characteristic symptoms of the disease.

3. Genetic Predisposition: While Eales Disease is not considered a hereditary condition, there is evidence to suggest a genetic predisposition to the disease. Certain genetic factors may make individuals more susceptible to developing Eales Disease when exposed to other triggering factors.

4. Environmental Factors: Environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins or infections, have been suggested as possible triggers for Eales Disease. However, no specific environmental cause has been definitively identified.

5. Unknown Factors: Despite extensive research, there are still unknown factors that contribute to the development of Eales Disease. It is likely that a combination of genetic, immune, and environmental factors interact to cause the disease.

Eales Disease typically affects young adults, particularly males, and is more prevalent in certain geographic regions. It is characterized by inflammation, retinal hemorrhages, and the formation of abnormal blood vessels in the retina. The disease often progresses in stages, with symptoms ranging from floaters and blurred vision to more severe complications like retinal detachment.

Diagnosis of Eales Disease involves a thorough eye examination, including retinal imaging and angiography. Treatment options aim to control inflammation, manage complications, and preserve vision. These may include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, laser photocoagulation, and vitrectomy surgery.

In conclusion, while the exact causes of Eales Disease remain uncertain, vascular abnormalities, immune system dysfunction, genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and unknown factors are all believed to play a role in its development. Further research is needed to unravel the complex mechanisms underlying this rare eye disorder.