What is Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III

Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III, also known as familial dysbetalipoproteinemia or remnant hyperlipidemia, is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal lipid metabolism. It is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding apolipoprotein E (apoE), a protein involved in the transport and clearance of cholesterol and triglycerides.

Individuals with Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III have elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in their blood, specifically in the form of remnant lipoproteins. These lipoproteins are remnants of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and chylomicrons, which are responsible for transporting fats throughout the body.

Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III is characterized by symptoms such as xanthomas (yellowish deposits of fat under the skin), tuberous xanthomas (nodules on the elbows and knees), and corneal arcus (a white or gray ring around the cornea).

Individuals with this condition are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, due to the accumulation of cholesterol-rich remnants in the blood vessels.

Treatment for Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III involves lifestyle modifications, including a low-fat diet, regular exercise, and weight management. Medications such as statins and fibrates may also be prescribed to help lower lipid levels.