How do I know if I have Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome?

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) is a rare congenital heart defect that affects the left side of the heart. It occurs when the left side of the heart, including the left ventricle, mitral valve, and aorta, is underdeveloped or too small. This condition is typically present at birth and requires immediate medical attention.

Diagnosing HLHS:

If you suspect you or your child may have HLHS, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis. The diagnosis of HLHS usually involves:

• Physical examination: A doctor will perform a thorough physical examination, checking for any signs or symptoms of HLHS.


• Medical history: The doctor will ask about your medical history, including any family history of heart defects.


• Echocardiogram: This non-invasive test uses sound waves to create images of the heart. It helps evaluate the structure and function of the heart, allowing doctors to identify any abnormalities.


• Fetal echocardiogram: If HLHS is suspected during pregnancy, a fetal echocardiogram may be performed to assess the baby's heart structure and function.


• Other diagnostic tests: Additional tests such as chest X-rays, electrocardiogram (ECG), and cardiac catheterization may be conducted to gather more information about the heart's condition.

Signs and symptoms of HLHS:

HLHS can present various signs and symptoms, which may include:

• Rapid breathing or shortness of breath


• Cyanosis (bluish skin color)


• Poor feeding and inadequate weight gain


• Cold hands and feet


• Weak pulse


• Extreme tiredness or fatigue


• Heart murmur (abnormal heart sound)


• Delayed growth and development

Treatment options:

HLHS is a complex condition that requires specialized medical care. Treatment options for HLHS may include:

• Surgery: A series of surgeries, such as the Norwood procedure, Glenn procedure, and Fontan procedure, are typically performed to redirect blood flow and improve heart function.


• Medications: Medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms, improve heart function, and prevent complications.


• Heart transplant: In severe cases, a heart transplant may be necessary if other treatment options are not feasible.

It is important to remember that only a healthcare professional can provide an accurate diagnosis of HLHS. If you suspect you or your child may have HLHS, seek immediate medical attention for proper evaluation and treatment.