How is Jejunal Atresia diagnosed?

Jejunal atresia is a congenital condition characterized by the partial or complete blockage of the jejunum, which is a part of the small intestine. It is typically diagnosed in newborns or infants and requires prompt medical attention. The diagnosis of jejunal atresia involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and sometimes surgical exploration.

Clinical evaluation: The initial step in diagnosing jejunal atresia involves a thorough physical examination of the newborn. The doctor will assess the baby's symptoms, such as abdominal distension, vomiting, and failure to pass meconium (the first stool). They will also check for signs of dehydration or other complications.

Imaging studies: To confirm the diagnosis, various imaging techniques are used. The most commonly employed method is an abdominal X-ray, which can reveal signs of intestinal obstruction, such as dilated loops of bowel or air-fluid levels. Additionally, an ultrasound may be performed to assess the location and extent of the blockage.

Surgical exploration: In some cases, when the diagnosis is uncertain or if there is a need for immediate intervention, surgical exploration may be required. This involves a surgical procedure to directly visualize the intestine and identify the atresia. During the surgery, the surgeon may also perform a biopsy or remove the obstruction if possible.

It is important to note that the diagnosis of jejunal atresia is time-sensitive, as prompt intervention is crucial for the well-being of the newborn. Therefore, if there is a suspicion of jejunal atresia based on clinical evaluation or imaging studies, immediate consultation with a pediatric surgeon is necessary. The surgeon will determine the most appropriate course of action, which may involve surgical intervention or further diagnostic tests.