What is Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by the Leishmania parasite. It is transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. This disease affects millions of people worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. There are three main forms of leishmaniasis: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis causes skin sores and ulcers, usually on exposed body parts. These sores can be painless but may leave scars. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis affects the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat, leading to disfigurement and difficulty in breathing or eating. Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, affects internal organs such as the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. It can be fatal if left untreated.

Leishmaniasis can have a significant impact on individuals and communities, causing physical suffering, disability, and social stigma. Diagnosis is typically done through laboratory tests, and treatment involves medication to kill the parasite. Prevention measures include avoiding sandfly bites by using insect repellents, wearing protective clothing, and sleeping under bed nets.