Which are the symptoms of Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis?

Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis (LWNH) is a rare skin condition characterized by the presence of hyperpigmented streaks or swirls on the skin. It is a congenital disorder, meaning it is present at birth, and typically appears in infancy or early childhood. LWNH is not associated with any underlying health problems and is considered a benign condition.

The symptoms of LWNH primarily involve the skin. The hyperpigmented streaks or swirls are usually brown or grayish-brown in color and can vary in size and shape. They typically follow a linear or whorled pattern, hence the name of the condition. The streaks may be thin or wide, and they can occur on any part of the body, including the face, trunk, limbs, and even the scalp. In some cases, the streaks may be more prominent on one side of the body, creating an asymmetrical appearance.

While LWNH is primarily a cosmetic concern, there are a few associated features that may be present in some individuals. These features include:

• Epidermal nevi: Some individuals with LWNH may also have epidermal nevi, which are raised, wart-like growths on the skin. These nevi can be present within or adjacent to the hyperpigmented streaks.


• Café-au-lait macules: Café-au-lait macules are light brown patches on the skin that are larger than the hyperpigmented streaks seen in LWNH. While café-au-lait macules are not a defining feature of LWNH, they may be present in some cases.


• Other birthmarks: Individuals with LWNH may have other types of birthmarks, such as Mongolian spots or nevus spilus. These birthmarks are unrelated to LWNH but can coexist in some cases.

It is important to note that LWNH does not cause any symptoms beyond the appearance of the hyperpigmented streaks or swirls. The condition is typically stable and does not worsen over time. The streaks may fade slightly with age, but they generally persist into adulthood.

Diagnosis of LWNH is usually based on the characteristic appearance of the hyperpigmented streaks or swirls. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other similar conditions.

Treatment for LWNH is not necessary from a medical standpoint, as the condition is benign and does not cause any health problems. However, individuals with LWNH may seek treatment for cosmetic reasons. Treatment options may include laser therapy, topical creams, or camouflage techniques to help reduce the visibility of the hyperpigmented streaks.

In conclusion, linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis is a rare congenital skin condition characterized by hyperpigmented streaks or swirls on the skin. While the condition is primarily a cosmetic concern, it is important to differentiate it from other similar conditions. If you suspect you or your child may have LWNH, it is recommended to consult with a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management options.