What is Microphthalmia

Microphthalmia is a rare eye condition characterized by abnormally small eyes. It can affect one or both eyes and is typically present at birth. The term "microphthalmia" is derived from the Greek words "micros" meaning small and "ophthalmos" meaning eye.

Microphthalmia occurs due to abnormal development of the eye during pregnancy. It can result from genetic mutations or environmental factors that disrupt the growth of the eye structures. As a consequence, affected individuals may experience various visual impairments, including reduced visual acuity and limited peripheral vision.

Microphthalmia can be associated with other ocular abnormalities and systemic conditions. These may include coloboma (a gap or split in the structures of the eye), cataracts, glaucoma, and developmental delays. The severity of microphthalmia can vary, ranging from mild cases where vision is only slightly affected to severe cases where the eye may be significantly underdeveloped.

Treatment for microphthalmia depends on the individual case and associated conditions. It may involve corrective eyewear, surgery to improve vision or cosmetic appearance, and early intervention services to support developmental delays. Regular eye examinations are crucial to monitor and manage any potential complications associated with microphthalmia.