How is Omphalitis of Newborn diagnosed?

Omphalitis is a serious infection that affects the umbilical stump of newborns. Timely diagnosis is crucial to prevent complications and provide appropriate treatment. The diagnosis of omphalitis is primarily based on clinical signs and symptoms, along with laboratory tests to confirm the infection.

Clinical Evaluation: A healthcare provider will assess the newborn's condition by examining the umbilical stump and looking for specific signs of infection. These signs may include redness, swelling, warmth, tenderness, discharge, foul odor, or the presence of pus around the umbilicus. The provider will also evaluate the baby for any systemic symptoms such as fever, irritability, poor feeding, or lethargy.

Laboratory Tests: To confirm the diagnosis, various laboratory tests may be performed:

• Complete Blood Count (CBC): This test helps evaluate the white blood cell count, which can indicate the presence of infection. An elevated white blood cell count suggests an inflammatory response.


• Blood Culture: A blood sample is collected and cultured to identify the specific bacteria causing the infection. This helps determine the most appropriate antibiotic treatment.


• Umbilical Swab Culture: A swab is taken from the umbilical stump to identify the causative bacteria. This test helps guide antibiotic selection.


• Imaging Studies: In severe cases or when complications are suspected, imaging studies such as ultrasound or abdominal X-ray may be performed to assess the extent of the infection and identify any abscess formation.

Differential Diagnosis: It is important to differentiate omphalitis from other conditions that may present with similar symptoms. These include umbilical granuloma, umbilical hernia, or simple umbilical irritation. The healthcare provider will consider the clinical presentation, laboratory results, and other diagnostic findings to rule out alternative diagnoses.

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial in managing omphalitis. If you suspect your newborn may have omphalitis, it is important to seek immediate medical attention to prevent complications and ensure appropriate care.