Pigmented villonodular synovitis synonyms

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare, benign, and locally aggressive disorder that affects the synovial lining of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae. It is characterized by the abnormal growth of synovial tissue, leading to the formation of nodules or villi.

PVNS is also known by several other names, including:

• Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCT-TS): This term is used when PVNS primarily affects the tendon sheaths.


• Giant cell tumor of the synovium (GCT-S): This term is used when PVNS primarily affects the synovial lining of joints.


• Diffuse-type giant cell tumor: This term is used to describe the infiltrative nature of PVNS, as it can spread beyond the joint or tendon sheath.

PVNS commonly affects large joints such as the knee, hip, and ankle, but it can also occur in smaller joints. The exact cause of PVNS is unknown, although it is believed to be related to an abnormal immune response or genetic factors.

Symptoms of PVNS can vary depending on the location and extent of the disease. Common symptoms include:

• Pain, swelling, and stiffness in the affected joint


• Limited range of motion


• Joint instability


• Clicking or popping sensations


• Locking of the joint

Diagnosis of PVNS involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, imaging tests (such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans), and sometimes a biopsy to confirm the presence of abnormal synovial tissue.

Treatment options for PVNS include:

• Surgery: The primary treatment for PVNS is surgical removal of the abnormal synovial tissue. In some cases, joint replacement may be necessary.


• Arthroscopy: This minimally invasive procedure may be used to remove smaller PVNS lesions.


• Radiation therapy: In cases where surgery is not feasible or complete removal is not possible, radiation therapy may be used to control the growth of PVNS.


• Medication: Certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids, may be prescribed to manage pain and inflammation associated with PVNS.

Regular follow-up visits with a healthcare professional are important to monitor the progression of PVNS and ensure appropriate management.