What is Prolactinoma

Prolactinoma is a benign tumor of the pituitary gland, which is located at the base of the brain. This type of tumor causes the pituitary gland to produce excessive amounts of prolactin, a hormone responsible for milk production in women after childbirth. Prolactinoma is the most common type of pituitary tumor, affecting both men and women, although it is more prevalent in women.

Symptoms: The symptoms of prolactinoma can vary depending on the size of the tumor and the amount of prolactin produced. In women, it often leads to irregular menstrual periods, infertility, and milk production outside of breastfeeding. Men may experience decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, and in rare cases, milk production. Other symptoms can include headaches, vision problems, and fatigue.

Diagnosis and Treatment: Diagnosis of prolactinoma involves blood tests to measure prolactin levels and imaging tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to locate and determine the size of the tumor. Treatment options include medication to reduce prolactin levels and shrink the tumor, as well as surgery in some cases. Regular monitoring and follow-up are necessary to manage the condition effectively.

Prognosis: With appropriate treatment, most people with prolactinoma can lead normal lives. Medications can help restore fertility, regulate hormone levels, and reduce tumor size. However, long-term management is often required, as prolactinomas can recur even after successful treatment.