How is Dengue Fever diagnosed?

Dengue Fever is a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes, primarily the Aedes aegypti species. It is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, causing flu-like symptoms and, in severe cases, potentially life-threatening complications. Diagnosing Dengue Fever involves a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and medical history assessment.

Clinical Evaluation: Doctors initially examine the patient's symptoms and medical history to determine if Dengue Fever is a possibility. Common symptoms include high fever, severe headache, joint and muscle pain, rash, and mild bleeding from the nose or gums. The presence of these symptoms, especially in an area where Dengue Fever is endemic, raises suspicion.

Laboratory Tests: To confirm the diagnosis, doctors order specific laboratory tests:

• Dengue NS1 Antigen Test: This test detects the presence of the NS1 protein produced by the Dengue virus. It is usually performed within the first week of symptom onset.


• Dengue Antibody Test: This test identifies the presence of Dengue-specific antibodies in the blood. It is typically conducted after the first week of symptoms.


• Complete Blood Count (CBC): A CBC helps evaluate the levels of platelets, white blood cells, and hematocrit. In Dengue Fever, a significant decrease in platelet count (thrombocytopenia) is often observed.

Medical History Assessment: Doctors inquire about the patient's recent travel history to Dengue-endemic areas and potential exposure to mosquitoes. This information helps establish the likelihood of Dengue Fever.

It is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis. Dengue Fever shares symptoms with other viral infections like Zika and Chikungunya, making laboratory tests essential for confirmation. Early detection and appropriate management are vital to prevent complications and ensure a speedy recovery.