Which are the symptoms of Medullary Sponge Kidney?

Medullary Sponge Kidney (MSK) is a rare congenital disorder that affects the kidneys. It is characterized by the presence of cystic dilatation in the collecting ducts of one or both kidneys. This condition is usually present from birth, but symptoms may not appear until later in life.

Symptoms:

1. Recurrent kidney stones: One of the most common symptoms of MSK is the formation of kidney stones. These stones can cause severe pain in the back or side, blood in the urine (hematuria), and frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs).

2. Urinary tract infections: MSK can increase the risk of developing UTIs due to the presence of dilated and cystic areas in the kidneys. Symptoms of UTIs include frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, and pelvic pain.

3. Hematuria: Blood in the urine is a common symptom of MSK. It can be visible to the naked eye (gross hematuria) or only detectable under a microscope (microscopic hematuria). Hematuria may occur during or after passing kidney stones or as a result of urinary tract infections.

4. Renal colic: The presence of kidney stones in MSK can lead to episodes of renal colic. Renal colic is characterized by severe, crampy pain in the back or side, which can radiate to the lower abdomen and groin. The pain may come in waves and can be accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

5. Chronic kidney disease: In some cases, MSK can lead to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a progressive condition where the kidneys gradually lose their ability to function properly. Symptoms of CKD include fatigue, fluid retention, decreased urine output, and high blood pressure.

6. Other urinary abnormalities: MSK can also cause other urinary abnormalities such as urinary tract obstruction, urinary reflux (backward flow of urine), and decreased kidney function.

It is important to note that not all individuals with MSK will experience symptoms. Some people may have the condition without any noticeable signs, while others may have mild symptoms that go unnoticed. Additionally, the severity and progression of symptoms can vary from person to person.

If you suspect you may have Medullary Sponge Kidney or are experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate management.