What is TNF Receptor Associated Periodic Syndrome

TNF Receptor Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS) is a rare autoinflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and inflammation. It is caused by mutations in the TNFRSF1A gene, which encodes the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1). TNFR1 plays a crucial role in regulating the body's immune response.

TRAPS symptoms typically include prolonged episodes of fever, abdominal pain, joint and muscle pain, skin rashes, and inflammation in various organs. These episodes can last for days to weeks and recur irregularly. The severity and frequency of symptoms can vary greatly among individuals.

Diagnosis of TRAPS is challenging due to its similarity to other inflammatory conditions. Genetic testing can confirm the presence of TNFRSF1A mutations, but it may not always be conclusive. Clinical evaluation, medical history, and ruling out other possible causes are also important in making an accurate diagnosis.

Treatment for TRAPS focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain during episodes. In some cases, biologic medications that target specific inflammatory pathways may be prescribed.

Early recognition and appropriate management of TRAPS are crucial to improve the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition.