Is Acanthamoeba keratitis hereditary?

Acanthamoeba keratitis is not hereditary. It is an eye infection caused by a microscopic organism called Acanthamoeba, which is commonly found in the environment, particularly in water sources such as tap water, swimming pools, hot tubs, and soil. This infection primarily affects the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye, and can lead to severe vision loss if left untreated.

Acanthamoeba keratitis is caused by exposure to the Acanthamoeba organism. The infection occurs when the organism enters the eye through a break in the cornea, such as a scratch or a contact lens-related injury. It is important to note that the infection is not contagious and cannot be transmitted from person to person.

While Acanthamoeba keratitis is not hereditary, certain risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing the infection. These risk factors include:

• Wearing contact lenses, especially if proper hygiene and cleaning practices are not followed.


• Using tap water to rinse contact lenses or contact lens cases.


• Swimming or using hot tubs while wearing contact lenses.


• Having a history of corneal trauma or injury.


• Having a compromised immune system, such as in individuals with HIV/AIDS or those who have undergone organ transplantation.

The symptoms of Acanthamoeba keratitis can vary but often include:

• Severe eye pain and redness


• Blurred or hazy vision


• Sensitivity to light (photophobia)


• Excessive tearing


• Feeling like something is in the eye (foreign body sensation)


• Eye redness and swelling


• Difficulty opening the eyelid due to pain

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing Acanthamoeba keratitis. If you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above, it is important to seek immediate medical attention from an eye care professional. A thorough eye examination, including a detailed medical history, will be conducted to diagnose the infection.

Treatment for Acanthamoeba keratitis typically involves a combination of medications and supportive care. The specific treatment plan may vary depending on the severity of the infection, but it often includes:

• Prescription eye drops or ointments containing antimicrobial agents to kill the Acanthamoeba organism.


• Pain relief medications to alleviate discomfort.


• Proper hygiene practices, such as avoiding contact lens use during treatment and using only sterile solutions for lens cleaning.


• Frequent follow-up visits with the eye care professional to monitor progress and adjust treatment if necessary.

Prevention is key in reducing the risk of Acanthamoeba keratitis. To minimize the chances of developing this infection, it is important to:

• Follow proper contact lens hygiene, including regular cleaning and disinfection.


• Avoid wearing contact lenses while swimming or using hot tubs.


• Use only sterile solutions recommended by an eye care professional for contact lens cleaning and storage.


• Avoid exposing contact lenses or lens cases to tap water.


• Replace contact lens cases regularly.


• Seek immediate medical attention for any eye injuries or trauma.

In conclusion, Acanthamoeba keratitis is not a hereditary condition. It is an eye infection caused by exposure to the Acanthamoeba organism, which is commonly found in the environment. While it is not contagious, certain risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing the infection. Early diagnosis, prompt treatment, and preventive measures are essential in managing and reducing the risk of Acanthamoeba keratitis.