Treating arachnoiditis can be difficult. The area around the spinal cord is delicate, and even minor damage can have severe consequences.
Surgery is possible but not always recommended. Surgery is not always effective and exposes the spine to potential further damage. Even when surgery is effective, the benefits are usually temporary.
Most doctors choose instead to manage symptoms using a variety of techniques. These include:
Physical therapy - A range of physical therapy techniques may help ease pain and prevent further damage. Exercise therapy can strengthen the muscles and help a person manage the pain.
Massage may reduce muscle tension due to pain, while water therapy can temporarily help nerve pain.
Some people find that hot or cold packs applied to the spinal cord or painful area of the body can temporarily relieve inflammation.
Pain medications - Pain medications include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), steroid drugs, and narcotic pain medications, such as opioids. The correct drug depends on a range of factors, including which other medications a person is taking, and whether they experience any side effects.
Nerve stimulation - Treatments that stimulate the nerves or spinal cord may offer relief without medication. Two promising options are: Spinal cord stimulation - This uses a device to send an electrical signal directly to the spinal cord, which can offer ongoing pain relief. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) - Similar to a spinal cord stimulator, a TENS unit sends electricity into a painful area to relieve pain and improve movement.
Psychological support - Living with chronic pain can be difficult. Therapy can help some people cope by changing the way they think about the pain and offering emotional support. Some people also find help from support groups for people with chronic pain or rare diseases. These groups may help people in pain find new resources, share effective lifestyle remedies, and feel less alone.