Which are the symptoms of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis?

Symptoms of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis

Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare condition characterized by the growth of benign tumors in the respiratory tract. These tumors, known as papillomas, are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) and primarily affect the larynx and vocal cords. RRP can occur in both children and adults, but it is more commonly diagnosed in children under the age of five.

Hoarseness and Voice Changes: One of the most common symptoms of RRP is hoarseness or changes in voice quality. This occurs due to the presence of papillomas on the vocal cords, which can interfere with normal vocal cord function. The voice may sound rough, breathy, or strained.

Difficulty Breathing: As the papillomas grow and multiply, they can obstruct the airway, leading to breathing difficulties. This can manifest as shortness of breath, wheezing, or noisy breathing. In severe cases, it may cause respiratory distress and require immediate medical attention.

Chronic Cough: Many individuals with RRP experience a persistent cough that may be dry or accompanied by mucus. The cough is often worse in the morning and may be triggered by physical activity or speaking for extended periods.

Recurrent Infections: RRP weakens the respiratory system's ability to fight off infections, making affected individuals more susceptible to respiratory illnesses. Recurrent respiratory infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia, may occur frequently and be more severe than usual.

Stridor: Stridor refers to a high-pitched, wheezing sound that occurs during inhalation. It is caused by the narrowing of the airway due to papillomas. Stridor is particularly noticeable during physical exertion or when the individual is agitated.

Dysphagia: Some individuals with RRP may experience difficulty swallowing, known as dysphagia. This can be due to the presence of papillomas in the throat, which can obstruct the passage of food and liquids. Dysphagia may lead to weight loss or malnutrition if not properly managed.

Recurrent Ear Infections: The proximity of the respiratory tract to the ears can lead to recurrent ear infections in individuals with RRP. These infections can cause ear pain, fluid buildup, and temporary hearing loss.

Respiratory Distress: In severe cases, RRP can cause respiratory distress, which is characterized by difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, and bluish discoloration of the skin. This is a medical emergency and requires immediate intervention.

Recurrent Papillomas: As the name suggests, RRP is characterized by the recurrence of papillomas in the respiratory tract. These growths may require frequent surgical removal, as they can quickly regrow and cause symptoms to worsen.

Other Symptoms: In addition to the respiratory symptoms, RRP can sometimes present with other manifestations. These may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, and general weakness.

If you or your child experience any of these symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate management. Early detection and treatment can help minimize the impact of RRP on respiratory function and overall quality of life.